11/25/2023 0 Comments Session definition in governmentThe ancient era began in the 4th century with the mention of Kamarupa in Samudragupta's inscriptions on the Allahabad pillar and the establishment of the Kamarupa kingdom. The history of Assam can be divided into four eras. The history of Assam has passed several stages of development to reach to its present state. The States of Meghalaya, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram got their own separate states. The capital of Assam was formerly Shillong (now the capital of Meghalaya), and later shifted to Dispur, a suburb of Guwahati, in 1972. It saw further reduction of its area when Dewangiri in North Kamrupa was ceded to Bhutan in 1951. With the enthusiastic participation of many courageous activists Assam, Assam became a constituent state of India in 1950. However, like all other states of India, Assam was also involved in various freedom movements. With the partition and independence of India in 1947, the district of Sylhet (excluding the Karimganj subdivision) was ceded to Pakistan (the eastern portion of which later became Bangladesh). Sylhet was merged with East Bengal on partition of India. In 1874, Assam became a separate province with Shillong as its capital. The British annexed Cachar in 1832 and Jaintia Hills in 1835. The British emperor took charge of the state and thus begun the colonial era of Assam.Īssam lost much of its territory to new states that emerged from within its borders. The rule of this dynasty ended with the Burmese invasion of Assam and the subsequent annexation by the British East India Company following the Treaty of Yandaboo in 1826. Kacharis, Chutias and Koch were the prominent tribal groups that were found in the medieval times of Assam. It is between 13th and 19th century that several tribal communities also came into the historical forefront of Assam. The Ahom dynasty was established by Sukaphaa, a Shan prince of Mong Mao who came to Assam after crossing the Patkai Mountains. The period of Ahom rule is a glorious chapter in the history of Assam. The Ahom’s entered Assam fully assimilated and ruled Assam for nearly six hundred years. Even though the origin is ambiguous but it is believed that the modern name Assam is itself an anglicization. The name ‘Aham’ or ‘Asom’ was probably given by the Ahoms who came to Assam in 1228 A.D. Kamdev eventually regained his original form here and from then onward the country came to be known as Kamarupa (Where Kama regained his Rupa or form). Kamdev succeeded in his mission, but Siva enraged at this result, burnt Kamdev to ashes. But Shiva’s penance did not stop, so the Gods sent Kamdev, the cupid to break his penance by making him fall in love. One such piece fell down on Nilachal hills near Gauhati and the place was henceforth held sacred as Kamakhya. In order to put a stop to this, Vishnu used his discus to cut the body into pieces, which then fell into different places. Overcame by grief, Shiva carried her dead body and wandered throughout the world. The mythology regarding the origin of the name Kamarupa tells us the story of Sati who died due to the discourtesy shown to her husband by her father Daksha. References of Kamarupa are found in literature as well as in many epigraphs. Pragjyotishpur may, therefore, be taken to mean the ‘City of Eastern Astrology’. Regarding the name ‘Prajyotisha’ or ‘Pragjyotishpura’, Gait (1992, reprint) writes that Prag means ‘former’ or ‘eastern’ and Jyotisha ‘a star’, astrology, shining. Its antiquity can be established from the fact that it has been mentioned in the two great epics- The Mahabharata and the Ramayana and also in the Puranas. In the ancient Sanskrit literature both the names ‘Pragjyotisha’ and ‘Kamrupa’ were used as designation for ancient Assam. There are several opinions to the origin of the name “Assam”. The dynamics of synthesis and assimilation of the races make Assam glorified and rich. It has been the living place of various races, tribes and ethnic groups since time immemorial. The State is adorned with beautiful lush covers of greenery, a chain of hills and rivers mainly the Brahmaputra and the Barak. Assam is the eastern most sentinel of India endowed with enchanting and picturesque natural beauty.
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